During perimenopause and menopause, the body goes through profound hormonal shift. These changes often happen quietly, yet they trigger many of the most common and well-known symptoms.
At a fundamental level, hormones alter how the body builds and maintains muscle, protects bone health, metabolises macronutrients, responds to glucose, regulates weight, and runs overall metabolism.
During perimenopause, hormonal changes cause muscle to break down faster. In response, the body increases its demand for protein. When this need is not met, hunger signals persist, often leading to increased overall food intake. This helps to explain why weight gain is common during this phase: we naturally reach for quick energy foods such as sweets, snacks and simple carbohydrates.
Hence it is not a willpower issue, it is a way of body communicating a genuine nutritional need for protein.

Muscle health:
As oestrogen fluctuates or remains low, muscles become less responsive to both food and exercise, this process is known as anabolic resistance. This means the protein intake that worked in your 20s and 30s is no longer sufficient. Muscle mass is lost more quickly, which can lead to reduced strength and tone even if activity levels stay the same.
Bone preservation:
Oestrogen is a powerful protector of bone. As levels decline, bone breakdown outpaces rebuilding. Protein provides the structural framework that gives bones strength and resilience. Women consuming around 1.2-1.4g of protein per kilogram of body weight per day show better bone density and a lower risk of fractures
Weight management:
During menopause, metabolism slows by around 200 calories per day, while hormonal changes increase appetite, especially cravings for carbohydrate. Hence increasing intake of protein will support weight management by:
Energy and mood:
Adequate protein helps maintain stable blood glucose levels, leading to more consistent energy and better mood regulation, both are important especially during hormonal transition.

Based on the formula above you can calculate your optimum amount of protein based on your current weight. Note this is a recommended amount and does not mean to implement in one go, build up the intake gradually in your own pace, while checking with your overall wellbeing.
Refer to the next page, where you can find recommendations on what sources of protein to choose, how to start increasing protein intake and how to optimise it to ensure a better absorption.
Below you can find more information on different protein sources you can incorporate into your current diet.
Chicken, turkey, lean beef, lean pork, duck, lamb, rabbit, tuna, wild salmon, cod, haddock, trout, sea bass, mackerel, herring, sardines, prawns
Cottage cheese, Greek yogurt, Skyr, feta cheese, halloumi, parmesan, cheddar, Emmental, Gruyere, standard natural yogurt
Lentils (red, green, black), chickpeas, beans: black, kidney, pinto, cannellini, butter, split peas, edamame
Below is a visual guide how 25-30g protein containing meals could look like for breakfast, lunch and dinner. These plates are mainly cooked by me and some are ordered from known UK cafes, to show that they can be simple ones.


Note: this information provides a strong, evidence-based starting point and reflects general recommendations. Individual needs may vary. For personalised guidance tailored to your health history, medications, and goals, consider working with a nutritional advisor.